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Lecture 3 Internal Sources of Policy

I. Where We Are
A. Basic Ideas of Realism: Anarchy, National Interest, Power, Force
B. Basic Ideas of Globalism: Erosion of state sovereignty, rise of non-state actors, the internet

II.Conservative and Liberal Realism
A. What they agree on Defending the National Interest, no world government, States are “rational actors.
B.Critiques of Conservative Realism
1.The stakes of war are too high in a nuclear world
2. The immorality of Realism cannot be tolerated
3. Democracies won’t tolerate a security state
4. Permanent warfare can drain the power of the state
5. global problems and the “human interest”
6. There is no such thing as the “national interest”

III.Liberal Realists focus on the Security Dilemma under Anarchy and its effects
A. Lack of a central government--(insecurity( self help for survival-(amassing power-(military force--(others watch and feel insecure(build up their own power and force-(security dilemma(war (get your enemy before he gets you)
1. It is the security dilemma that causes war.
2. Miscalculation
B. What Mutes the Security Dilemma to reduce the odds of war?
1.defensive Advantage
2.Arms control and inspections
3. Multilateralism (conservatives are not against this, but they to not want multilateral agreements to tie the hands of US policy)
4.The Democratic Peace (conservatives are not against this per se; they simply believe that it won’t necessarily do much good)

IV. Internal sources of policy
A. The minds of Decision Makers .
B. The Group
1.example
2.Groupthink
C. Corporate interests
D. Democracy—public opinion
E. American Culture—“national character” “identity.”